Students’ Perceptions of Biology Literacy and Common Hygiene Practices in Senior Secondary Schools in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State

Abstract

This study explored how senior secondary school students in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, perceive their knowledge of biology and how this understanding relates to their everyday hygiene practices. Using a descriptive survey approach, the research examined the extent to which students’ grasp of biological principles impacts behaviours related to personal and environmental hygiene. A total of 100 students were selected from ten randomly chosen secondary schools within Ilorin West Local Government Area. Data were gathered through a validated questionnaire comprising both demographic details and opinion-based items measured on a four-point Likert scale. Findings indicated that a large proportion of the students displayed a reasonable level of understanding in key biology topics such as cell biology, photosynthesis, and genetics. This knowledge appeared to influence positive hygiene habits, including regular handwashing, nail trimming, safe food handling, and proper respiratory etiquette. For example, 81% of the respondents reported a good understanding of photosynthesis, while 74% stated that they consistently clean their personal items. Despite this, a considerable number of students still showed gaps in their biological understanding and neglected some essential hygiene practices, particularly those concerning food safety and genetic awareness. The results highlight the need to enhance the biology curriculum with more practical, health-oriented applications. Strengthening the connection between classroom instruction and real-world health practices could significantly improve students' hygiene behaviour. The study recommends adopting interactive and applied learning techniques to foster both scientific literacy and healthy living habits among students.