Al-Hikmah University Journal

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a pressing global health and human rights issue affecting millions of women and girls. Despite efforts to eradicate it, cultural beliefs perpetuate the practice. This study examines knowledge, attitudes, practices, and factors influencing FGM and its health consequences among reproductive-age women in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaires to gather data on FGM awareness, perceptions of health effects, reasons for continuation, and demographic information. Multistage sampling was employed, with data analyzed using SPSS version 26, utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. High awareness of FGM (96.1%) was found, primarily viewed as a cultural practice with minimal perceived health complications (58.7%). Key reasons for its continuation included adherence to cultural norms (42.6%) and beliefs about promiscuity (82.2%). A significant knowledge gap regarding health risks was identified (66.5%), with educational attainment as a crucial influencing factor (p-value<0.001). Cultural beliefs significantly influence FGM's persistence despite awareness of its risks. Effective eradication requires comprehensive legal frameworks, educational campaigns, and community engagement, particularly with cultural leaders, to protect the health and rights of women and girls.