INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
International Journal of Advanced Research in Multidisciplinary Studies (IJARMS) is an internationally recognized peer-reviewed multidisciplinary Journal published twice a year (June and December) by the Centre for Research, Industrial Linkage and International Cooperation, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria. Normally, Authors submitting manuscripts are expected to present their research work for assessment and review. Manuscripts are published on the assumption that they are original and have not been published elsewhere. All manuscripts are assessed initially by the Editors and only those papers that meet the editorial standards of the journal will be sent for review. All manuscripts are reviewed as soon as possible and an editorial decision is generally reached within 8-10 Days of submission.
PROSPECTS OF DRONE IN VIDEO PRODUCTION: AN EFFECTIVE AERIAL SHOOTING AMONG CINEMATOGRAPHERS IN ILORIN, KWARA STATE
The paper unveils the prospects of drone in video production as an effective aerial shooting among Cinematographers in Ilorin. The field of video production is evolving and different technologies are being adopted by Cinematographers to capture unique moment and shoot at their desire angle in order to tell a compelling story and to improve their professionalism. The use of drone has been considered as 21st century Cinematographers’ aid in shooting in the mid-air. Apart from being a military Arsenal used during the World War 1, drones can capture sweeping shots of landscapes, giving viewers a bird’s-eye view of the scene. They can also capture dynamic shots of moving objects, such as cars or people, by following them from the air. The study concluded that drone is an essential innovation in video production serving Cinematographers with varieties of aerial shots to promote artistic work. However, the study recommended that video production manager and Cinematographer in Ilorin should explore the use of drone in their production in order to capture the attention of the viewers through a fascinating shot.
Drone, Cinematographer, Video Production and Aerial Shooting
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AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE ARTISTIC FEATURES IN THE PLAY "THE LECTURER" BY MURTADHO BIN ABDUL SALAM AL-HAQIQI
This analytical study aims to explore the artistic features in the play "The Lecturer" by Mortada bin Abdul Salam, which is considered one of the prominent works in contemporary Arabic theatrical literature. The study addresses the analysis of the dramatic structure, characters, dialogue, symbolism, and main themes in the play, with a focus on the artistic and creative techniques used by the author. The play tackled major themes such as social justice and class struggle, and the internal conflict between values and personal interests, which added a psychological dimension to the text. In the end, the theatrical direction showed the use of innovative experimental techniques, contributing to a distinctive and innovative theatrical experience for the audience. Then, the dialogue was analyzed, and it was found to use a high literary language suitable for the nature of the characters and situations, with interactive dialogue reflecting realism and complexity. The author also used symbolism extensively and intertextual references drawn from literary and cultural heritage, adding intellectual depth to the text. The results showed that the play is characterized by a coherent and multi-scene dramatic structure, where the events follow a logical sequence marked by clarity and coherence. The characters are diverse and deep, reflecting the diversity and conflicts of society, with noticeable development in their behavior and thoughts throughout the play. Finally, this study provides a qualitative addition to literary research, highlighting the artistic and creative techniques in Arabic theatrical literature, and contributing to a deeper understanding of Mortada bin Abdul Salam's works.
Features, Play, Characters, Symbols, Analysis
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF GINGER AND CLOVE SPICES ON THE ANTIOXIDATIVE POTENTIALS AND ACCEPTABILITY OF TAMARIND PASTE
Sudden increase in prices of soft drinks, consumer’s request for drinks with anti-oxidative potentials and increasing concern about under-utilization of readily available tamarind fruits demand for formulation of innovative product from this fruit. The aim of this research is to determine synergistic effect of ginger and clove spices on the anti oxidative potentials and the acceptability of tamarind paste. Tamarind was collected, sorted, washed and soaked in water for easy pulp extraction. Ginger and cloves were then milled and added to the tamarind pulp in various ratios to increase the anti-oxidative potentials using design expert to make seven samples and 100% tamarind as the control. The ratios of inclusion from the design expert ranged from (3-10% and 2-10% for clove and ginger respectively). Paste was obtained by freeze drying the spiced tamarind pulp. Anti-oxidative potentials (2, 2 Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenol content, total flavonoid content and total antioxidant content), vitamin C, solubility and sensory properties were determined using standard methods. Data obtained were analysed using ANOVA. DPPH ranged from 22.37 to 105.22µg/100g while total flavonoids ranged from 23.68 to 47.25mg/100g. Total antioxidant, total phenolic and vitamin C contents increased significantly in the spiced tamarind paste. Solubility test showed that the spices do not have significant effect on the solubility of tamarind paste but the water temperature does. The results obtained in this study revealed that spicing tamarind paste improved its antioxidant potentials and acceptability of the tamarind paste. Tamarind paste with 10% ginger had the highest sensory scores and was most preferred by the panelists.
Tamarind paste, Ginger, Clove, Antioxidants, Freeze drying
TEACHERS’ CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AS A PREDICTOR OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SCIENCE SUBJECTS IN IGABI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE
citizenship behaviour as a predictor of students’ academic performance in science subjects in public senior secondary schools in Igabi Local Government Area, Kaduna State. The study adopted a descriptive research design of correlation type with the target population comprised 15 principals 30 vice principals and 52 science teachers in the sampled schools. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 52 science teachers as participants for the study. Then, simple random sampling techniques was used to select 80 out 97 respondents using research advisor table of determining sample size. Appropriate data were collected for the study through the questionnaire tagged “Teachers’ Citizenship Behaviour Questionnaire (TCBQ)”. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ citizenship behaviour influences students’ academic performance in science subjects in Igabi Local Government Area, Kaduna State. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that Developing and nurturing positive culture of professionalism in teaching science subjects through progressive, collaborative and instructional leadership should be demonstrated by the school teachers. Similarly, there is need for the government to organize trainings, workshops, seminars and conferences for the science teachers, school supervisors and principals on TCB to serve as a driving force for effective service delivery that will in turn enhance students’ performance.
Teacher, Citizenship behaviour, Science subject, Students, Academic performance
POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS’ PERCEIVED POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS OF AIPOWERED CHATBOTS FOR SUPPORT SERVICES IN AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT
This study explored postgraduate students’ perceived potential benefits and drawbacks of AI-powered chatbots for support services at Al-Hikmah University, with a focus on the implications for university management. As higher education institutions increasingly adopt artificial intelligence technologies to enhance student support, understanding user perceptions is essential for successful implementation and integration. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study employed a qualitative approach, drawing data from semi structured interviews with 35 postgraduate students across various faculties. Findings revealed that students generally recognized the benefits of chatbots in improving efficiency, accessibility, and responsiveness to routine academic and administrative inquiries. Many participants highlighted the convenience of receiving instant responses, reduced need to queue at offices, and better access to information on registration, fees, and deadlines. These perceived advantages align with TAM’s emphasis on perceived usefulness and ease of use as key drivers of technology adoption. However, students also raised concerns about several limitations. Notably, chatbots were viewed as inadequate for addressing complex or emotionally sensitive issues, and some participants questioned their reliability and accuracy. Concerns were also expressed regarding data privacy, lack of human interaction, limited digital literacy among some users, and the risk of outdated information. These drawbacks pose significant challenges for management and suggest that chatbots should complement, rather than replace, human support systems. The study recommends that university management adopt a hybrid model combining AI efficiency with human oversight. Efforts should be made to improve chatbot design, ensure frequent updates, and provide training for students to enhance digital literacy. Transparent data governance policies are also critical to foster trust and widespread adoption. Ultimately, while AI-powered chatbots hold promise for transforming support services in higher education, their success hinges on thoughtful implementation, user-centered design, and ongoing institutional support. These findings provide valuable views for decision-makers seeking to improve student experience through AI-driven solutions.
Postgraduate Students, AI-Powered Chatbots, Potential Benefits and Drawbacks, Qualitative Research
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN STATE-OWNED TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
This paper investigated professional development programmes and productivity of academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions in Oyo State, Nigeria. Four research questions and three research hypotheses guided the study. This study employed survey research design. The study adopted simple and proportionate sampling techniques. The sample size was 319 respondents who were randomly selected in two state-owned tertiary institutions in Oyo State. Self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using percentages, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed among others that there was significant relationship between professional development programmes and academic staff participation in administration in state-owned tertiary institutions; and significant relationship existed between professional development programmes and effective services delivery among academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study concluded that professional development programmes related to the productivity of academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that government and the management of state-owned tertiary institutions should provide relevant professional development programmes which can aid effective services delivery by the academic staff and on effective use of digital technologies for teaching and conducting research for the academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions regularly.
Academic Staff, Productivity, Professional Development Programmes, State-owned Tertiary Institutions
INVESTIGATING FOOD SAFETY PRACTICES AND MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN MANDATE MARKET ILORIN KWARA STATE
Foodborne illnesses remain a major public health concern, particularly in low and middle-income countries where street-vended foods are widely consumed. This study assessed the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat foods sold in Mandate Market, Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. The objective was to identify the presence and types of microbial contaminants and evaluate the hygiene practices of food vendors to determine their potential risks to public health. A total of 8 food samples comprising rice, beans, meat, and stew were randomly collected from various food vendors within the market. Standard microbiological procedures were employed, including serial dilution, inoculation on MacConkey and blood agar, incubation, and colony characterization using morphological and biochemical methods. The bacteriological analysis revealed the presence of pathogenic organisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella species, indicating fecal contamination and poor handling practices. The study concludes that the microbial quality of ready-to-eat foods sold in Mandate Market is substandard and may contribute to the burden of foodborne diseases in the area. It recommends regular food safety training for vendors, strict enforcement of hygiene regulations by health authorities, and periodic microbial surveillance of market foods. Ensuring safe food handling practices is essential to protecting public health and preventing disease outbreaks in urban markets.
Foodborne illness, Microbial contamination, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Hygiene practices.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL LOAD OF AL-HIKMAH WATER SUPPLY TO MAIN HOSTELS IN ADETA AND ATERE CAMPUSES
This study presents a comparative analysis of the microbial load in water supplied to hostels at Al-Hikmah University’s Adeta and Atere campuses, Ilorin, Kwara State. Water quality is a critical public health concern, especially in densely populated university settings. Guided by the Public Health Model of Waterborne Disease Prevention and Environmental Health Risk Assessment, the study aims to assess microbial levels, compare contamination between campuses, identify specific microbial agents, and evaluate compliance with WHO standards. Employing a descriptive and comparative cross-sectional design, water samples were collected from five hostels on each campus and analyzed using the Most Probable Number (MPN) and Colony Forming Unit (CFU) methods. The total population was all hostel water sources; a purposive sampling technique was used. Findings revealed unsafe microbial levels across all samples, with Atere Hostel a showing the highest MPN (180/100ml) and Adeta Hostel B the highest CFU (65). Biochemical tests confirmed the presence of coliforms, E. coli, Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp., indicating both fecal and environmental contamination. Despite no statistically significant difference in microbial load (p > 0.05), the health implications are severe. The study recommends urgent water treatment, infrastructure upgrades, and routine monitoring to protect student health and ensure compliance with WHO standards.
Microbial load, Water quality, Escherichia coli, Coliforms, Most Probable Number (MPN), Colony Forming Units (CFU), Waterborne pathogens, Comparative analysis
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF AI-POWERED CHATBOT FOR ENHANCING SUPPORT SERVICES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES: EVIDENCE FROM AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY
This study explores students' perceptions of AI-powered chatbots for enhancing support services in Nigerian universities, with empirical evidence drawn from Al-Hikmah University. As the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in higher education continues to rise globally, chatbots have emerged as innovative tools designed to improve communication, streamline administrative processes, and provide immediate assistance to students. The research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with 25 students from four faculties (Humanities and Social Sciences, Education, Management Sciences and Agriculture) at Al-Hikmah University. The study aims to identify the perceived benefits and challenges influencing students' acceptance of AI-powered chatbots for academic and administrative support services. It seeks to understand students’ expectations regarding the effectiveness of chatbots in providing timely information, reducing administrative burdens, and enhancing the overall student experience. Findings from the study suggest that students generally perceive AI-powered chatbots as valuable tools for improving access to essential information, such as lecture schedules, course registration, and fee payments. The 24/7 availability of chatbots was highlighted as a major advantage, particularly for resolving issues outside of office hours. However, concerns regarding data privacy, the chatbot's accuracy, and its ability to handle complex queries were also raised. The study concludes by offering recommendations for the successful implementation of AI-powered chatbots in Nigerian universities, emphasizing the importance of user-friendly design, regular updates, and ensuring data security. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on AI in higher education, providing insights for institutions considering the integration of chatbots into their support systems.
Support Services, Chatbots, Perception, 24/7 Availability, Qualitative Approach
AUTOMATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT PROCESSES USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Software Configuration Management (SCM) plays a critical role in modern DevOps pipelines by ensuring consistency, integrity, and control over software builds and deployments. This study presents a machine learning based framework to automate and optimize SCM processes. By leveraging historical SCM metrics and deployment success labels, we trained and evaluated a Random Forest classifier that achieved over 92% accuracy. Feature importance analysis revealed that metrics such as code churn, task complexity, and structural cohesion strongly influence deployment outcomes. A Streamlit-based dashboard was also developed to visualize predictions and performance metrics. The proposed solution demonstrates the practical viability of applying machine learning to enhance decision-making, reduce manual intervention, and improve deployment reliability in continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) environments.
Machine Learning (ML), Software Configuration Management (SCM), Optimization, Configuration Audit (OCA), Normalization, Decision Trees
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB BASED ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) SYSTEM
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems were deployed as on-premise solutions, requiring significant investment in hardware, software, and IT personnel. Despite the importance of Enterprise Resource Planning systems, many organizations continue to face significant challenges with existing ERP solutions that impact their operational efficiency and competitive advantage. This study focuses on designing and implementing a web-based ERP system using Python programming language with the Django web framework as the backend technology. The system leverage Django's Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) for database interactions and implement RESTful APIs for enhanced performance and scalability. The frontend will be developed using HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript to create a responsive and intuitive user interface across devices of varying screen sizes. Experimental results demonstrate that combining the proposed method with other techniques significantly improves the latency and the development of the ERP system while also reduces database query time complexity
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Django web framework. Object-Relational Mapping (ORM), Java Script
ASSESSING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PEACE EDUCATION IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES: EVIDENCE FROM AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY
Globally, peace education has been recognized as a crucial tool for fostering tolerance, conflict resolution, and social cohesion in diverse societies. Many universities worldwide have integrated peace education into their curricula to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary for promoting peace and security. In Nigeria, where ethno religious tensions and socio-political instability persist, the implementation of peace education in universities is essential for nurturing a culture of non-violence and dialogue among future leaders. Despite the significance of peace education, there is limited empirical research on its implementation and effectiveness within Nigerian universities. This study seeks to assess the implementation of peace education at Al-Hikmah University, focusing on the perspectives of students in the Peace and Security Studies program. The research employs a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews to explore students’ experiences and perceptions regarding curriculum design and content, teaching methods and strategies, practical applications and field experience, and institutional support. Findings from the study reveal both strengths and challenges in the implementation of peace education at Al-Hikmah University. While students appreciate the comprehensiveness of the curriculum and the engagement of lecturers, challenges such as limited practical exposure, insufficient institutional backing, and the need for more interactive learning approaches were identified. The study underscores the importance of enhancing practical applications, strengthening institutional support, and adopting more student-centered teaching strategies to improve the effectiveness of peace education. The insights from this research contribute to the broader discourse on peace education in Nigerian universities, offering recommendations for policymakers, educators, and university administrators on how to improve the delivery of peace education programs. By addressing existing gaps, universities can play a more transformative role in shaping a new generation of peacebuilders equipped to address Nigeria’s security challenges.
Assessing, Peace Education, Nigerian Universities, Al-Hikmah University. Qualitative Approach.
PRINCIPALS’ ADMINISTRATIVE TASKS IN NIGERIA SECONDARY SCHOOLS: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD
Principals’ administrative tasks are indispensable instruments that enhance educational objectives and goals. This paper is therefore designed to look into the challenges and way forward of principals’ administrative tasks in Nigerian secondary schools It focuses on theoretical framework, principals’ administrative tasks in Nigerian public secondary schools, dimensions of principals’ administrative tasks in schools and challenges facing principals’ administrative tasks in Nigerian secondary schools. Based on this, it is suggested that, Federal and state governments should make and provide adequate infrastructural facilities and more instructional materials like laboratories, library chairs, table, desks, water, electricity, ICT facilities, classrooms, administrative offices, libraries, laboratories and whiteboard in Nigerian secondary schools for effective teaching to be improved as well as administration of the schools.
AVAILABILITY, ACCESSIBILITY AND UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN AL- HIKMAH UNIVERSITY
The purpose of the study is to evaluate availability, accessibility and utilisation of information retrieval systems in academic libraries in Al- Hikmah university. The objectives were to: determine the extent to which information resources are available for use; find out the extent of access to these information sources; find out the frequency of use of the information retrieval systems. The survey research method was used. The data collection instrument for the study was the questionnaires method. The major findings were that there is high level of availability of information retrieval systems in Al-Hikmah university Library; there is high level of accessibility of information retrieval systems in the selected Nigerian Universities studied.; majority of the respondents used information sources daily; Services provided in the library are conventional, reactive and product oriented rather than proactive, customer oriented, innovative, and augmentative. Although, libraries tend to build up a vast resource collection, they provide insufficient user oriented programmes. Findings also revealed that, information retrieval systems mentioned above were available for research by students to a great extent. Also, it is revealed from the findings that, the extent of accessibility and utilization of the availability electronic information resources for research by students is great. Findings further revealed that, inadequate computers in the library, poor internet connectivity limited subscribed titles, power outages, difficulty to access and use, lack of relevant e-resources in various disciplines as well as no assistance from the library, were the problems encountered by students while accessing and using electronic information resources for research in Library University of Al-Hikmah. It was recommended that the University administrators and library management should improve on the bandwidth and enhance the internet connectivity so as to enable the students have easy access to online e- resources. Also, trained personnel should be on ground to assist the students in the use of the available e-resources in the University library and appropriate user education should be organized for students for better use of e-resources in Al-Hikmah Library.
Availability of Information Resources; Access to Information Resources; Use of Information Resources; University libraries- Southwester, Nigeria
DAᶜWAH PROGRAMMES ON RADIO STATIONS IN YORUBA COMMUNITIES: IMPACTS AND CHALLENGES
Despite the varied approaches of some Muslim scholars, which result in diverse outcomes, the role of radio, among other electronic media, in conveying Islamic messages to contemporary society remains undeniable. Radio Daᶜwah has emerged as a crucial tool in modern Islamic propagation, offering a wider and more accessible platform to reach the public. This shift has significantly eased the burden of traditional face-to-face Daᶜwah activities, which were often limited in scope and time. This study appraises the impact of Daᶜwah programmes broadcasted on selected radio stations, such as Agidigbo FM, Eko FM, and Radio Kwara, on Muslims in Yoruba communities. These programmes have demonstrated notable social, economic, and educational influences, contributing to the moral and spiritual development of their listeners. However, the challenges facing Daᶜwah programmes on radio stations are substantial. Among the most pressing are inadequate funding, disunity among Islamic scholars, and competition from secular and Christian programming. Additionally, bias in the media, where Islam is sometimes misrepresented or criticized, further complicates the effectiveness of Islamic broadcasts. The study reveals that these challenges, if not addressed, can hinder the potential of Daᶜwah programmes to promote Islam accurately and unify the Muslim community. The importance of this study lies in its exploration of how radio, as a mass communication tool, has revolutionized the dissemination of Islamic teachings in Yoruba communities. By evaluating the impact and challenges of Daᶜwah programmes, this research provides insights into how Islamic scholars and media practitioners can collaborate to enhance the role of radio in spreading the message of Islam. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for strategic improvements in the organization, funding, and delivery of Daᶜwah content, ultimately contributing to the promotion of peaceful coexistence and religious harmony in Nigeria.
Daᶜwah, Radio Programmes, Yoruba Communities, Media Impact
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EXPLORING INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO PROBLEM-SOLVING IN NIGERIA
This paper explores the role of mathematics education in achieving sustainable development in Nigeria, with a focus on interdisciplinary approaches to problem-solving. Mathematics is a subject that has application in different disciplines in science and other fields of studies. Mathematics education on the other hand is the process of teaching and learning of mathematics, the knowledge of which is needed to address the country's development challenges. Through a review of literature, we demonstrate how mathematics can be applied to real-world problems in areas such as healthcare and agriculture. We also highlight the need for collaboration between mathematicians, scientists, and practitioners from other fields to develop innovative solutions. Our findings emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary mathematics education in preparing students to tackle complex problems and promote sustainable development in Nigeria.
Mathematics education, Sustainable Development, Interdisciplinary Approaches, Problem-Solving.
ADVERTISING AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE: TROPHY BILLBOARD ADVERTISEMENT IN ILORIN AS A PARADIGM
This study examines the relationship between advertising and culture with regards to the Trophy Lager beer billboard advertisement at Offa garage area of Ilorin which generated controversy between the advertiser and the Ilorin Emirate Descendants Progressives Union (IEDPU) in the year 2023. The primary purpose of the study was to determine the perception of Ilorin residents about the Trophy Lager beer advertisement. The study was underpinned by reception theory. Survey research method was adopted and self-administered questionnaire served as the research instrument for this study. The views of 187 residents of Ilorin were sought on their perception of the Trophy Lager beer billboard advertisement mounted at Offa garage area of Ilorin in the year 2023.The finding revealed that, although, the Trophy billboard advertisement caught the attention of majority of the residents of Ilorin, it was against the Islamic cultural relevance for which Ilorin community is known, and that respect for local values was highly unfavourable. The study concludes that advertising contents should mirror the society through the language, religious customs and ideology of the people in order to motivate the target buyers to purchase the advertised products. The study recommends, among others, that, further research should be carried out on the influence of the Trophy Lager beer advertisement on the consumption of alcohol among Ilorin youth.
Advertisement, culture, Islamic culture, perception, Trophy billboard advertisement.
EFFECTS OF CLASS SIZE ON TEACHERS’ JOB PERFORMANCE MANAGING IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
The study was titled “Effects of Class Size on Teachers’ Job Performance Managing in Public Secondary Schools in Niger State, Nigeria” The study had two main objectives; To assess how class size affects teachers' lesson delivery in public secondary schools in Niger State; and to determine the impact of class size on teachers' time management in public secondary schools in Niger State; The research was guided by two research questions, which were tested through a descriptive survey research design. A total population of 5449 was considered, with a sample size of 652 respondents but 640 was used as that was the number of questionnaires returned. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage and mean, were used to answer the research questions. The findings revealed that teachers and students perceive that larger class sizes affect their ability to engage all students effectively, provide individual attention, and manage lesson pacing (Mean = 1.70). Teachers and students perceive that effective time management helps in starting and ending lessons on time, allocating time for each part of the lesson, ensuring smooth transitions, minimizing disruptions, and providing adequate time for assessment and feedback. (Mean = 1.67). The study concluded that larger class sizes significantly affect teachers' ability to engage all students effectively, provide individual attention, and manage lesson pacing. Effective time management is essential for overcoming these challenges, as it helps teachers to start and end lessons on time, allocate time for each part of the lesson, and minimize disruptions. The study recommended among others that Government and school administrators should work towards reducing class sizes to allow for more effective lesson delivery, individualized attention, and better engagement of students.
AN EXAMINATION OF QURANIC GUIDANCE ON MANAGING ANGER AND RESOLVING DISPUTES: PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES, AND MODERN-DAY APPLICATIONS
This study explores Quranic teachings on anger management and conflict resolution, examining their principles, historical applications, and contemporary relevance. Anger, a natural human emotion, can lead to detrimental outcomes if uncontrolled, impacting personal relationships and community harmony. The Qur'an offers comprehensive guidance, emphasising patience, forgiveness, and constructive dialogue. This research aims to analyse Quranic verses and Prophetic traditions related to anger management and conflict resolution, assess their alignment with modern conflict resolution strategies, and identify challenges in their contemporary application. It addresses the problem of rising interpersonal conflicts and the need for effective, faith-based solutions in increasingly interconnected societies. Findings indicate that Quranic principles, such as self-restraint (Surah Al Imran 3:134) and reconciliation (Surah Al-Hujurat 49:10), align with modern mediation and restorative justice practices. However, cultural norms and the impact of social media pose challenges to their implementation. Recommendations include establishing community training programs on Quranic anger management, developing support networks for conflict resolution, utilising technology for disseminating Islamic teachings, and promoting interfaith dialogue. By fostering emotional literacy and aligning cultural practices with Islamic principles, Muslim communities can cultivate a culture of peace and cooperation.
Quranic teachings, Anger management, Conflict resolution, Islamic principles
ADMISSION INTO SOCIAL SCIENCE COURSES: THE PLACE OF GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION AND GEOGRAPHY, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS
This paper focuses on admission into Social Sciences and Education courses in University of Lagos with regard to access and equity. University of Lagos is ranked as one of the 10 toughest Federal Universities to gain admission into in Nigeria today. However, the level of difficulty or ease of entry into University of Lagos or any federal University in Nigeria is dependent basically on the level of preparation, success at external examinations on the part of applicants and the admission requirement for the course of study. The research was carried out in University of Lagos, and primary data collected directly from the admissions office, senate building. From the data, it was observed that in the last five years (four sessions), admission into 100 level Education Geography was based on merit and has gradually decreased from 13 to 1 student, while the supplementary admissions still show a form of consistency over the years. To the effect that the Education Geography unit in the Department of Arts and Social Sciences/Social Science Education is populated based on supplementary admissions and change of course. For the cut-off marks based on quota/catchment, three of the years studied had a general merit score across board with no recourse to catchment (2018/2019, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022). Whereas, for Geography, candidates have been given admission mainly based on merit. The study showed that entry requirements for Education Geography and Geography are quite similar for both 100 level and direct entry for the last four academic sessions. The study concluded that there is still access and equity in the admission of students into both Education Geography and Geography in University of Lagos.
admission, Education Geography, Geography, access, equity
PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF CELLULASE FROM CULTURE OF S.CEREVISIAE UNDER OPTIMUM FERMENTATION CONDITIONS ON ONION BROWN SKIN
An increase in the global population is currently accompanied by increased agricultural productivity. This concurrently causes the generation of enormous amounts of agricultural waste that puts the sustainability of the ecosystem at risk. This study aimed to produce cellulolytic enzymes using local fungi isolates through the solid-state fermentation of some underutilized agro wastes: roasted groundnut skin, onion-brown skin. The major population of the isolates was identified as saccharomyces cerevisiae. The maximum production of the cellulolytic enzymes (endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase) was observed at 96 h. The highest output of β-glucosidase and exoglucanase was at pH 4 while endoglucanase activity was highest at pH range 4 and 5. An increase in temperature increased the amount of cellulase production and the optimum temperature was observed at 40 °C. Activity of the cellulolytic enzymes follows Michaelis-menten hyperbolic curve using the three substrates. An increase in the inoculum size resulted in decreased activity of endoglucanase, exoglucanase on onion brown skin while β glucosidase activity increased on the three substrate.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT QUALITIES OF PHALANTUS AMARUS FOR USE IN LIVESTOCK FARM
Phyllanthus amarus has been used long time ago to cure diseases for human, this study try to extend the use of P.amarus to livestock by studying, the phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of P. amarus methanol extract. Standard procedures were used to analyze: 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) percentage (%) inhibition. The highest the concentration the the higher the inhibition and at 300 µg/ml, 44.58 inhibition was obtained with least in 25 µg/ml 28.66 was obtained. The proximate composition also shows that the energy and crude fat was higher when compared to other parameters. The most prevalent compound was flavonoid, terpenoid and phenol Owing their antioxidant and phytochemical qualities, P. amarus methanol extract may potentially find application in medicine.
Inoculated, performance, Phyllanthus amarus, sporulation and treatments
PSYCHO-SOCIAL CHALLENGES AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN OGUN STATE, SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA
Teaching profession is a complex and demanding occupation that requires a unique blend of cognitive, emotional, and social skills, and is often accompanied by various psychosocial challenges that can negatively impact teachers' well-being and instructional effectiveness. This study investigated the psychosocial challenges faced by senior secondary school teachers in Ogun State, South West Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was employed, and a total of 120 teachers were selected through stratified random sampling. The results showed that rural and urban senior secondary school teachers did not significantly differ in psychosocial challenges, with both groups facing similar challenges. However, married teachers faced more psychosocial challenges than unmarried teachers. Additionally, science and arts background senior secondary school teachers did not significantly differ in psychosocial challenges. Based on the findings, the study recommended that there is need for teacher support programs, marital status-specific interventions, and subject-area neutral support to address the psychosocial challenges faced by teachers. Furthermore, school administrator training and policy reforms are necessary to address the root causes of psychosocial challenges faced by teachers.
location, marital status, psychosocial challenges, secondary school teacher, stream background
ASSESMENT OF TUMERIC HERBAL PLANTS FOR THEIR PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENTS AND INVITRO ASSAY OF THEIR ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIALS
Phytochemical, Antioxidant potentials (DPPH) and proximate composition of Tumeric was investigated. These herbs and their parts were sourced from Kwara State polytechnic campus, Ilorin, Nigeria. The plant parts were grinded with mortar to increase surface area before extraction. The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods. The antioxidant activity of plant extracts was determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The. The herb show high antioxidant activities with DPPH is well above 50% even at all the dilution factors, the invitro activities shows that the three herbs can be a good source of antioxidant and could also be used to manufactured drugs for antistress, the extract could be used to alleviate heat stress in broiler chicken. The three plants are well above IC 50 values for antioxidant activities and also contribute to nutritional value of the feed because they bare good sources of protein and energy.
Total phenol/flavonoid contents, Free radical, Scavenging, Antioxidant, Cancer and medicinal plants
EFFECT OF ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES OF BROILER CHICKENS
A total of one hund red and fifty day old chicks was used for this experiment, enzymes was produced from solid state fermentation and was used to feed the chicks by adding it to their feed for six (6) week, it was added in 100, 250, 500 and 1000 IU/bird/day, at tye end of the experiment, it was found that the enzyme has no effect on white blood cell (P>0.05) but there was a significant different on (P<0.05) PCV, Hb, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC, also significant difference (P<0.05) was noticed feed intake, weight gain and feed to weight gain, it was found that the more the enzyme added the more the feed consumed and better corresponding weight gain, however the best feed conversion ratio was obtain ed from birds that consumed the 100IU/bird/day
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED WASTE WATER FROM FISH POND
This experiment is designed to study the effect the fish pond waste water on the performance characteristics of broiler chicken. Broiler production is one way by which animal production to support the continuously increasing population, so that the consumption of animal protein is assured to avoid nutritional diseases that may likely occur because of poor protein consumptions among human being. The experiment was carried out in the teaching and research farm of the Kwara State Polytechnic in Ilorin. One hundred- and twenty-day old chicks (DOC) was used for this experiment, the experiment lasted six weeks, there is just a treatment and control. Result of dissolved feed substances in the fish pond waste water that act as extra source of nutrients to the birds and this makes them better than those that did not have the dissolve feed substances, the result is same for feed intake, weight gain and feed to weight gain.
broiler chicken, fish pond waste, animal protein, food
EFFECTS OF PHALLANTUS AMARUS IN THE TREATMENTS OF COCCIDIOSIS IN BROILER CHICHEN
The development of drug resistance of Eimeria spp. in poultry necessitated chemotherapeutic control alternatives from plant extracts as potential solution. This study investigated in-vitro evaluation was studied on the anti-coccidial properties from P. amarus leaf extracts and its effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken challenged with Eimeria oocysts. Phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, cummarin, glycoside, triterpenes and alkaloids while saponin, tannin, phenolics, steroid, anthocyanins, terpenoid, amino acids and phylobatanins were negative. In the In-vitro trial, the effects of P. amarus on the inhibition of the sporulation of oocysts of Eimeria spp. were undertaken. The experimental design was complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatments with 3 replicates each with control. T1 received 5 mL of P. amarus extracts, T2 received 10 mL of P. amarus leaf extract, and T0 is control. The chicks of all the groups were inoculated orally with sporulated oocysts on day 28 (4th week), 7 days post-infection, the birds were treated with different regimens, (5 & 10mL) of P. amarus leaf extracts for 3 consecutive days with the exception of T0. Oocysts clearance showed a decrease in the amount of oocysts in the feaces of all the groups treated with P. amarus leaf extract. The feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved in all treatment groups in comparison with the infected but not treated broiler chickens. 5 mL of P. amarus extract had sporulation inhibition percentage of 58% at 72 hours, 10 mls of P. amarus had sporulation inhibition rate of 73% while 15 mL of P. amarus has higher sporulation inhibition of 84% at 72 hours. In conclusion, the study showed that 15mls of ethanoic extract of P. amarus was effective in control of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria infection in broiler chicken.
Coccidiosis, Coccidiostat, Eimeria oocysts, Phyllantus amari and chemotherapeutic
PERFORMANCE CHARATERISTICS OF AFRICAN DWARF GOAT FED POULTRY FEACES AND WATER FROM FISH POND
An experiment was performed at the Agricultural garden of Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin by feeding African dwarf goat with poultry feaces (guano) In order to reduce the cost of feeding and then reduce the scarcity of feed (fodder) during the dry season. About forty-five (45) West African Dwarf goat (WAD) was used for this experiment. Each treatment contains five WAD goat with three females and two male and was replicated three times, they were fed grasses in the morning, poultry feaces in the evening took waste fish pond water T1, while the second treatment with five WAD replicated three times were fed only with poultry feaces and fish pond waste water all through T2 while the third group with five WAD and replicated three times were fed with only grasses and ordinary water all throughout the experiment T0. The experiment lasted six months (24 weeks). The health status of the WAD was monitored while data on their feed intake, weight gain and feed to weight gain was taken for onward analysis. Data collected was analyzed and it was found that the those that were fed mixture of grasses and poultry feaces T1 had no significant difference (P>0.05) between their weight gain and feed to weight gain when compared with T2 but T2 consumed more than T1 (P<0.05) and but the WAD of T2 was diagnosed with bloat throughout the experiment making them not active. The feed intake, weight gain and feed to weight gain of the control T0 was nothing to compared to those of T1 and T2. Therefore, it was concluded that the mixture of feeding grasses in the morning and feeding with poultry feaces in the evening T1 is recommended as the grasses fed in the morning will neutralize the effect likelihood of bloat
RESPONSE OF BROILER BIRDS FED TUMERIC FOR HEAT STRESS ALLEVIATION
One hundred and eight Ross broiler birds were used for this heat stress experiment that lasted 6 weeks, chicks were allotted to pen randomly, there were two treatments all together with a control, each treatment was replicated three times and there are twenty (20) chicks per replicate making. The chicks were raised in a metrological controlled pen where the temperature is set at 340C for period of 7hours from 10am to 5pm after brooding (22-42days). The stress was then mitigated using Tumeric herb made into powdered form and administered into at 3g and 5g per litre of water T1 and T2 respectively, making two treatments with a control experiment. At the end of the six weeks experiments, it was discovered that those chicks that took T2 treatments (5 had (g) had the highest feed intake (P<0.05) meaning they are relieve of stress and this makes them to feed better than others but those in control had better body weight and feed to gain ratio (P<0.05)
Tumeric, Heat stress, Alleviation, oxidative stress and Reative oxygen series
PERCIEVED EFFECT OF HEARING AIDS IN IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HEARING LOSS PATIENTS IN NATIONAL EAR CARE CENTRE KADUNA
Hearing loss is a significant health issue affecting individuals' quality of life. Hearing aids are a common intervention to mitigate hearing loss, but patients’ satisfaction and perceived benefit can vary. Understanding the factors that influence satisfaction and the perceived improvement in quality of life is essential for optimizing hearing aid utilization. The study is aimed to assess perceived effects of hearing aids in improving quality of life among hearing loss patients at the National Ear Care Center, Kaduna. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The study was conducted at the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, targeting patients with hearing loss using hearing aids. A total of 290 patients were identified from records, with 168 completing the survey. Data were collected using questionnaires focusing on socio-demographic characteristics and perceived effect of hearing aids on quality of life. The Krejeice and Morgan sample size table was used for sample determination, and random sampling was employed to select participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. The study found that The study shows (79%) of improved percieved effect of hearing aids in improving quality of life. To enhance patient satisfaction with hearing aids, the study recommends provision of comprehensive counseling and support services to address discomfort and improve the perceived benefits of hearing aids and offering personalized hearing aid solutions based on the specific needs and preferences of patients to enhance comfort and usability.
Hearing Loss, Patient Satisfaction, Hearing Aids, Quality of Life, Perceived Effect