PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF ANAEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN RECEIVING ANTENATAL CARE AT PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS, IREPO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OYO STATE

Abstract

Anemia is a global health problem with major consequences on human health as well as social and economic development.it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality during pregnancy in developing countries. The study investigates the prevalence of anemia and the associated risk factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at primary health care centers in Irepo Local Government Area, Oyo State. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional, hospital-based study using a quantitative method of data collection. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. The data was pretested, validated, and structured as a self-administered questionnaire, and analyzed using the SPSS Chi-square test was used to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables. The confidence level was held at 95% and the p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Anemia is less prevalent because the majority of the respondents said NO. Age is a significant risk factor of anemia among respondents (Cal x² value = 288.55 tab. x² value = 16.92 df = 9); blood loss is a significant risk factor of anemia among respondents(Cal x² value = 382.11 tab. x² value = 16.92 df = 9); Family history is a significant risk factor of anemia among respondents (tab. x² value = 16.92 df = 9); Lifestyle habits is a significant risk factor of anemia among respondents (Cal x² value = 154.25 tab. x² value = 16.92 df = 9) and menstrual period is a significant risk factor of anemia among respondents (Cal x² value = 180.36 tab. x² value = 16.92 df = 9). In Conclusion, Age is a risk factor for anemia among respondents, Blood loss is a risk factor for anemia among respondents, and Family history is a risk factor for anemia among respondents. The study recommends that women under age 20 should ensure adequate iron intake because they are more susceptible to iron deficiency. Pregnant women should go for regular checkups to monitor their health and also avoid heavy lifting to reduce the risk of bleeding., they should engage in moderate exercise and avoid excessive physical activities and Pregnant women should inform their healthcare provider if they are experiencing heavy menstrual bleeding for necessary actions to be taken.