Knowledge, Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obesity Among Undergraduate Students in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Kwara State

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major global public health challenge, with a rapidly increasing prevalence among young adults in Nigeria. This increase is largely attributed to unhealthy dietary practices, sedentary lifestyles, and inadequate knowledge of obesity-related risks. This study assessed obesity-related knowledge, determined the prevalence of obesity, identified associated risk factors, and examined awareness of obesity-related health problems among undergraduate students of Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Kwara State.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among full-time undergraduates enrolled during the 2024/2025 academic session. Using Cochran’s formula, 300 respondents were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and mean scores.

Results: Findings showed a moderate overall level of obesity knowledge among respondents (52%). The prevalence of obesity was high, with 13.3% classified as obese and 62.0% as overweight, resulting in a combined prevalence of 75.3%, exceeding national averages. Significant risk factors included frequent fast-food consumption, low intake of fruits and vegetables, inadequate physical activity, and family history of obesity. Approximately 96% of participants were aware of obesity-related health problems.

Conclusion: Obesity among undergraduates is influenced by lifestyle, environmental, and hereditary factors