Impact of Environmental Health on the Prevalence of Malaria in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Environmental health plays a critical role in the transmission dynamics of malaria. Factors such as poor waste management, inadequate drainage systems, and the presence of stagnant water bodies create ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, thereby increasing the risk of malaria transmission. This study examines the impact of environmental health on the prevalence of malaria in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria.

Methods: This study adopted a survey research design. The study population comprised of all sample of residents in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. Using Cochran's formula, a total of 250 respondents were selected using the multistage sampling techniques, was used for this study. Data collected was analysed statistically using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The study revealed a high malaria prevalence (78.56%) in Ilorin Metropolis, linked to poor drainage, waste disposal, sanitation, and water quality. Housing quality, sanitation practices, waste management, access to clean water, and vector control were found to significantly impact malaria
prevalence, with most homes moderately built and residents practicing effective waste and vector control measures.

Conclusion: The study concluded that improving environmental health conditions, particularly waste management, sanitation, housing quality, and water supply, is crucial in controlling malaria in Ilorin Metropolis.