Knowledge, Attitude and Perception Towards Human Papillomavirus and Vaccination Among Female Undergraduate Students in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection and the leading cause of cervical cancer worldwide. Despite high cervical cancer mortality in Nigeria, knowledge about HPV and vaccination remains inadequate, particularly among university students who are at increased risk due to sexual behaviors and misconceptions.

Objective: To evaluate HPV knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions among female undergraduates at Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 395 female undergraduate students using multistage sampling. Data were collected via structured, self-administered questionnaires. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, and the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to assess knowledge,
attitudes, and perceptions.

Results: HPV awareness was high (82.8%), with 85.3% linking it to cervical cancer. However, only 14.9% correctly identified HPV as incurable, versus 60.3% believing it was curable. Vaccination acceptance was high (81.0%). Faculty differences were significant (χ² = 42.18, p<0.001): Health Sciences students showed the best knowledge (54.4%), Natural Sciences the poorest (23.3% poor knowledge).

Conclusion: High vaccination acceptance coexists with critical knowledge deficits regarding curability and male health impacts. Educational interventions must address these gaps.