Behavioral Factors Influencing Treated Mosquito Nets Use in Moro Local Government Area, Kwara State: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria continues to be a major public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly in rural settings like Moro Local Government Area, Kwara State. Despite widespread distribution campaigns, the consistent and correct use of treated mosquito nets remains suboptimal. This study examined the behavioural factors influencing the use of treated mosquito nets in Moro LGA, with a focus on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among residents.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 380 respondents selected using a multistage sampling technique. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of malaria prevention, attitude towards treated nets, and
actual usage practices. Descriptive analysis was done using tables of frequencies, while inferential analysis was done using chi-square.

Results: Findings revealed a high level of awareness, with 92.2% of respondents having heard of treated mosquito nets, yet only 78.1% reported consistent use. While 78.4% demonstrate good knowledge about the preventive role of mosquito nets, several behavioural and attitudinal barriers—including discomfort, heat, and misconceptions—were found to limit usage. Statistical analysis indicates significant associations between educational status, income level, marital status, and both knowledge and net usage (p < 0.05). The study concludes that behavioural factors—especially attitudes and perceived inconvenience—play a crucial role in net usage. Public health interventions should therefore go beyond distribution to include behavioural change communication and targeted sensitization campaigns.

Conclusion: The study found that although many respondents had fair knowledge of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) and their role in malaria prevention, but this knowledge did not consistently lead to positive attitudes or regular use. While most understood that LLINs protect against malaria, especially for children and pregnant women, behavioural, environmental, and cultural factors limited consistent usage. Common barriers include misconceptions about malaria, doubts about net effectiveness, and discomfort caused by heat.